3 Culture Is Shaped More Often by the Arts and Humanities
If you've ever taken an fine art history class or spent time in a fine arts museum, chances are you know a lot about the men who "divers" their mediums. As with other subjects, nigh of what nosotros learn about art history today still centers on white men from Europe and, later on, the U.s.. In reality, there are so many more artists of all genders to learn from and capeesh.
Hither, we're specifically taking a look at just some of the women who have had lasting impacts on their fine art forms. From some of the art world's most iconic pioneers to its most unsung heroes, these women artists all had a paw — and, in some cases, yet have a mitt — in changing the world of fine fine art and how we define it.
Laura Wheeler Waring
Laura Wheeler Waring was an artist and educator who taught at Cheyney University in Pennsylvania for more 30 years. Later studying the work of painters like Cézanne and Monet while abroad, she returned to the United States, becoming best known for her portraits of prominent Black Americans, many of which were painted during the Harlem Renaissance.
Cindy Sherman
Photographer Cindy Sherman was part of the Pictures Generation during the 1980s, and is peradventure most well known for her series of Untitled Picture show Stills (1977–80) — self-portraits in which Sherman "posed in the guises of various generic female picture characters, among them, ingénue, working girl, vamp, and alone housewife" (via MoMA). In this series, and those that followed, Sherman used photography to question the media'southward influence over our private and commonage identities.
Yoko Ono
You might first call up of Yoko Ono as a musician and activist, but she's likewise an achieved performance and conceptual artist. Ono was considered a pioneer in the operation art movement, earning the nickname the "High Priestess of the Happening".
One of her most revered works, Cut Slice, was a operation she first staged in Nihon; Ono sat on stage in a nice arrange and placed scissors in front of her, and, in an act of daring vulnerability, invited audience members to come on stage and cut away pieces of her clothing. "Fine art is like breathing for me," Ono has said. "If I don't do information technology, I starting time to choke."
Betye Saar
Earlier becoming a printmaker and activist, Betye Saar studied design and was employed as a social worker. A printmaking elective changed her unabridged career trajectory — and, in turn, role of the trajectory of fine art history.
Saar was office of the Black Arts Movement in the 1970s and, through painting and assemblage, critiqued institutionalized racism and the racist stereotypes white people held toward Black Americans. "To me the trick is to seduce the viewer," Saar has said. "If you tin get the viewer to look at a piece of work of art, then y'all might be able to give them some sort of message."
Frida Kahlo
Information technology'due south rare to find someone who hasn't at to the lowest degree heard of Frida Kahlo. A self-taught painter from Mexico, she is best known for exploring themes like death and identity through her self-portraits. Kahlo ofttimes used assuming, vivid colors to create her symbol-rich works, and was regarded as one of the most influential artists of the Surrealist movement.
Yayoi Kusama
Yayoi Kusama started painting at a very young historic period, but she's also known for her hyper-real sculptures, polka dots, installations, and so much more. Like many of her peers, Kusama embraced the counterculture of the 1960s, employing nudity in much of her piece of work. Today, she continues to create works for her enduring Mirror/Infinity rooms serial, which utilize mirrors and lit objects to create a sense of endlessness.
Amy Sherald
Amy Sherald is an American painter and portraitist who depicts Black Americans, often doing everyday activities — something that became more common in portraiture writ large in the mid-19th century. Odds are that you recognize Sherald's piece of work — and her signature grayscale skin tones — as she was the start Black adult female to complete a presidential portrait for the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery.
Georgia O'Keeffe
Known as the mother of American modernism, yous likely associate Georgia O'Keeffe with her paintings of New United mexican states's landscapes, flowers, skulls, and, just maybe, the skyscrapers of New York City. In the 1920s, she was the beginning woman painter to proceeds the respect of the New York fine art globe, all by painting in her unique manner.
Adrian Piper
Adrian Piper became a pioneering minimalist, feminist, and conceptual artist in 1970s New York City. She used her work to question society, identity, and racial politics past enervating the audience to confront truths almost themselves. She often challenged people on the streets of New York to guess her race, socio-economic class, and gender — all while dressed as a Black man with a false mustache and sunglasses, or while wearing compelling statements on her clothes.
Shirin Neshat
Shirin Neshat left Iran in 1974 to report art in Los Angeles, California — before the Iran Islamic Revolution took identify. She is best known for her photography, film, and video work, much of which explores the human relationship between Islam's cultural and religious systems and women. Moreover, Neshat's works oft create a sense of solidarity and empowerment.
Jenny Holzer
As a neo-conceptual artist, Jenny Holzer's work focuses on words and ideas, which she puts on advertising billboards, projects onto buildings and adds to electronic displays or neon signs.
These works display phrases that human action every bit meditations on various concepts, such as trauma, noesis, and hope. One of her more notable works, I Odour You lot On My Peel, makes the viewer question what kind of sentiment the sentence conveys.
Rebecca Belmore
Much of Rebecca Belmore'due south fine art addresses identity and history — and, in item, houselessness and the voicelessness of the First Nations People in Canada. As an Anishinaabekwe artist, she works to raise sensation around the prejudice, violence, and attempted erasure of Indigenous North American culture. In 2005, she was the first Indigenous adult female to represent Canada at the Venice Biennale.
Louise Conservative
While a prolific printmaker and painter, Louise Bourgeois is better known for her installation art and sculptures — like the spider above — which were inspired by her own experiences and memories. Throughout her career, she created revolutionary works during a time when brainchild and conceptual art were the main styles shaping the art world.
Mickalene Thomas
Heavily influenced past popular civilization and pop art, Mickalene Thomas often embellishes her paintings with rhinestones and uses colorful acrylic paints. In her work, Thomas centers Black American women, whom she believes embody ability and femininity.
Judy Chicago
Judy Chicago was ane of the major figures inside the early Feminist Fine art movement. Every bit exemplified in her iconic work The Dinner Party, her installation pieces often examine the role of women in history and culture — in the 1970s and before. While at California Country University in Fresno, Chicago founded the start feminist art programme in the United States.
Augusta Cruel
Augusta Barbarous was an American sculptor during the Harlem Renaissance who worked toward securing equal rights for Black Americans in the arts. In add-on to creating breathtaking sculptures, often of Black folks, Savage founded the Savage Studio of Craft in Harlem in 1932, and, a few years after, she became the beginning Black American elected to the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors in 1934.
Carolee Schneemann
Known for her provocative performance fine art practices, Carolee Schneemann is considered the progenitor of "body art". (Just expect up her nigh famous work, Interior Scroll, and y'all'll meet what we hateful.) She used her body to examine women'southward sensuality and liberation from the oppressive artful and social conventions established by our patriarchal social club.
Nan Goldin
Famous for her in-the-moment photography, Nan Goldin's piece of work challenges traditional power relations. In improver to documenting New York City's queer subculture post-Stonewall, Goldin explored the HIV/AIDS crisis, opioid epidemic, and LGBTQ+ bodies.
Elaine Sturtevant
Does this look like an Andy Warhol to yous? Well, that's the idea! Elaine Sturtevant, who went past her last proper name professionally, was a conceptual artist known for her inexact replicas — that is, non-quite-right copies of large-proper name artists' piece of work.
Some artists and critics encouraged her efforts, while others became quite angry. Nonetheless, Sturtevant used her works to explore the concepts of authorship, originality, and the structure of art civilization.
Ruth Asawa
During the 1960s, Ruth Asawa created increasingly circuitous wire sculptures. A San Francisco-based artist, Asawa's last public commission was the Garden of Remembrance at San Francisco State University, which was created to recognize Japanese Americans who were interned during Globe War II.
Catherine Opie
Known for her studio, portrait, and landscape photography, Catherine Opie has been a photographer since the age of nine. She uses her photography to examine social norms, and, in doing so, displays diverse subcultures in formal portraits — merely in a way that conveys power and respect by evoking traditional Renaissance portraiture.
micha cárdenas
micha cárdenas is an artist, author, theorist, and assistant professor who won an Bear upon Award at the Indiecade Festival in 2020 and the Artistic Honour from the Gender Justice League in 2016. She believes teaching is the path to liberation and uses VR and art to address global issues such as racism, gendered violence, and climatic change.
Lee Krasner
Lee Krasner was an Abstract Expressionist painter who also specialized in collaging. Her works capture a spirit of relentless reinvention, from her Cubist drawings and assemblage to her portraits and murals for the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
Source: https://www.ask.com/culture/women-who-changed-world-of-fine-art?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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